Relationship between Vitamin D Level and Serum TNF-α Concentration on the Severity of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

摘要

BACKGROUND:Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease and disturbed bacterial clearance. Vitamin D deficiency is sometimes observed in COPD patients and as significant roles in increasing inflammation of airway obstruction and systemic obstruction, increasing pro-inflammatory cytokine including TNF-α, reduction of bacterial clearance and increase exacerbation risk due to infection. Also, vitamin D plays significant roles in the metabolism of calcium and mineralisation of bones and regulation system of immune. TNF-α also has essential roles in pathogenesis and inflammation of COPD. Several studies that investigate the relationship between vitamin D level and serum TNF-α concentration in COPD patients are relatively uncommon, including in Indonesia.