The purpose of this study was to estimate how much resident outcomes can improve with an increase in hours per resident day (HPRD) of registered nurses (RNs) staffing. Nursing home (NH) staff in Korea have serious problems with inappropriate nurse staffing standards and poor working conditions, which lead to poor quality of care for NH residents. This study used a longitudinal survey design. A quota sampling was used with a total of several repeated survey measurement from 2017 to 2020 (n = 74). The independent variable was the amount of nurse staffing HPRD and the outcome variable was the compiled outcome of 15 quality-of-care indicators. Data were directly collected from all participating NHs. A longitudinal, multilevel model was used for analysis. An increase of one unit of RN HPRD (60 min) corresponded to a decrease of about 10.5% of residents with deteriorated quality of care outcomes. This study emphasized that increasing RN HPRD decreased residents’ deteriorated outcomes in NHs. This suggests that professional RNs must be secured to an appropriate level to improve the quality of care for NH residents.
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