Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is widely used for the treatment of end-stage renal disease. Patients treated with PD have similar outcomes to those treated with hemodialysis [1]. However, PD-related infections including peritonitis have been reported at 1.66 episodes per patient per year [2]. One possible source of peritonitis is gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopic procedures. In 2005, the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) published guidelines suggesting antibiotics be given to PD patients prior to colonoscopy [3]. This suggestion was mostly based on expert opinion and a theoretical concern that patients undergoing colonoscopy are at increased risk for enteric peritonitis from bacterial translocation across the bowel wall. While there is no direct evidence to support this theory, case reports have suggested a risk of transient bacteremia associated with colonoscopy.
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