Daytime mid-latitude F2-layer Q-disturbances: A formation mechanism

摘要

Negative and positive F -layer Q-disturbances at Rome along with daily F , 0.5(F  + F ), and indices (at 12 LT) for Q-disturbance and reference days (second line). N F (in 10 cm ) are averaged over the observed at (11-13) LT values.