Assessing Diversity in the Camelina Genus Provides Insights into the Genome Structure of Camelina sativa

摘要

(L.) Crantz an oilseed crop of the Brassicaceae family is gaining attention due to its potential as a source of high value oil for food, feed or fuel. The hexaploid domesticated has limited genetic diversity, encouraging the exploration of related species for novel allelic variation for traits of interest. The current study utilized genotyping by sequencing to characterize 193 accessions belonging to seven different species collected primarily from the Ukrainian-Russian region and Eastern Europe. Population analyses among accessions with a 2n = 40 karyotype identified three subpopulations, two composed of domesticated and one of species. Winter type lines were identified as admixtures of and . Eighteen genotypes of related unexpectedly shared only two subgenomes with , suggesting a novel or cryptic sub-species of with 19 haploid chromosomes. One accession (2n = 26) was found to comprise the first two subgenomes of suggesting a tetraploid structure. The defined chromosome series among germplasm, including the newly designated diploid née , suggested an evolutionary trajectory for the formation of the hexaploid genome and re-defined the underlying subgenome structure of the reference genome.