Effects of In Ovo Supplementation with Nanonutrition (L-Arginine Conjugated with Ag NPs) on Muscle Growth Immune Response and Heat Shock Proteins at Different Chicken Embryonic Development Stages

摘要

In this study, we have analyzed the effects of supplementation of inorganic and organic synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) conjugated with L-arginine (L-Arg) that were injected in chicken embryo at three different embryonic development stages (8th d, 14th d and 18th d). We investigated the effects of both conjugated Ag NPs on the survival, hatchability and body weight on hatching day (1 d old chicks). The expression of muscle growth related proteins, mainly myoblast determination protein (myoD), myogenin and heat-shock proteins (HSPs) were analyzed in pectoral muscles. The serum level of immunoglobulin M (IgM), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) were also examined. Our study shows that 14th day of injection of both types of conjugated Ag NPs promoted survival rate and hatching rate at 8 d and 18 d from injection. The immunoglobulin (IgM) levels in serum and the expression of muscle growth related proteins (myoD and myogenin) were dramatically improved; in addition, HSP-60 and HSP-70 expression were declined at 14th d of injection. The serum levels of SGOT and SGPT were decreased at 14d injection when compared to 8 d and 18 d injection. Hence, the 14th day would be suitable day for injection of L-Arg with Ag NPs to promote the survival rate, hatching rate, immune system and muscle growth. Our results illustrated that plant mediated synthesis of Ag NPs at 1000 μg and chemically synthesized Ag NPs at 100 μg concentration would be a better choice to make nanonutrition with L-Arg (100 μg) to carry the nutrients without any toxicity at 14 d injection.