Dry-weight reduction in hypertensive hemodialysis patients (DRIP): A randomized controlled trial

摘要

Volume excess is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of hypertension among hemodialysis patients. To determine whether additional volume reduction will result in improvement in blood pressure (BP) among hypertensive patients on hemodialysis and to evaluate the time-course of this response we randomized long-term hypertensive hemodialysis patients to ultrafiltration or control groups. In the additional ultrafiltration group (n=100) we probed the dry-weight without increasing time or duration of dialysis while the control group (n=50) only had physician visits. The primary outcome was change in systolic interdialytic ambulatory BP. Post-dialysis weight was reduced by 0.9 kg at 4 weeks and resulted in -6.9 mm Hg (95% CI -12.4, -1.3 mm Hg, p=0.016) change in systolic BP and -3.1 mm Hg (95% CI -6.2, -0.02 mm Hg, p=0.048) change in diastolic BP. At 8 weeks, dry-weight was reduced 1 kg, systolic BP changed -6.6 mm Hg (95% CI -12.2, -1.0 mm Hg, p=0.021) and diastolic BP -3.3 mm Hg (95% CI -6.4, -0.2 mm Hg, p=0.037) from baseline. The Mantel-Hanzel combined odds-ratio for systolic BP reduction of at least 10 mm Hg was 2.24 (95% CI 1.32, 3.81, p=0.003). There was no deterioration seen in any domain of the kidney disease quality of life health survey despite an increase in intradialytic signs and symptoms of hypotension. The reduction of dry-weight is a simple, efficacious and well tolerated maneuver to improve BP control in hypertensive hemodialysis patients. Long-term control of BP will depend on continued assessment and maintenance of dry-weight.