Pentoxifylline Attenuates Transforming Growth Factor- β1-Stimulated Elastogenesis in Human Tunica Albuginea-Derived Fibroblasts Part 2: Interference in a TGF- β1/Smad-Dependent Mechanism and Downregulation of AAT1

摘要

IntroductionTGF-β1 works through Smad dependent mechanisms and contributes to the pathogenesis of Peyronie’s Disease (PD). Pentoxyfylline (PTX) antagonizes the effects of TGF-β1 and has been utilized for the management of PD although the mechanisms of action are not entirely clear.