This study examined the within-person relationship between sleep and cognitive functioning. Fifty community-dwelling African Americans (age range = 50 - 80 years) were asked to report their sleep duration and quality the previous evening and to complete cognitive measures over 8 occasions within a 2-3 week period. A within-person daily change in sleep duration was significantly associated with worse global cognitive performance. The greater an individual deviated away from his/her average sleep duration on a particular day, the more likely his/her performance would decline. These results demonstrate that the sleep-cognition relationship can be observed at a within-person level of analysis.
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