A whole-blood RNA transcript-based gene signature is associated with the development of CTLA-4 blockade-related diarrhea in patients with advanced melanoma treated with the checkpoint inhibitor tremelimumab

摘要

BackgroundAnti-CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Grade 3–4 diarrhea/colitis is the most frequent irAE requiring treatment discontinuation. Predicting high-risk diarrhea/colitis patients may facilitate early intervention, limit irAE severity, and extend treatment duration. No biomarkers currently predict for anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy related severe diarrhea.