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Frontal Eye Field Activity Before Visual Search Errors Reveals the Integration of Bottom-Up and Top-Down Salience

机译:视觉搜索错误之前的额眼视野活动揭示了自下而上和自上而下的显着性的整合

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摘要

We investigated the saccade decision process by examining activity recorded in the frontal eye field (FEF) of monkeys performing 2 separate visual search experiments in which there were errors in saccade target choice. In the first experiment, the difficulty of a singleton search task was manipulated by varying the similarity between the target and distractors; errors were made more often when the distractors were similar to the target. On catch trials in which the target was absent the monkeys occasionally made false alarm errors by shifting gaze to one of the distractors. The second experiment was a popout color visual search task in which the target and distractor colors switched unpredictably across trials. Errors occurred most frequently on the first trial after the switch and less often on subsequent trials. In both experiments, FEF neurons selected the saccade goal on error trials, not the singleton target of the search array. Although saccades were made to the same stimulus locations, presaccadic activation and the magnitude of selection differed across trial conditions. The variation in presaccadic selective activity was accounted for by the variation in saccade probability across the stimulus–response conditions, but not by variations in saccade metrics. These results suggest that FEF serves as a saccade probability map derived from the combination of bottom-up and top-down influences. Peaks on this map represent the behavioral relevance of each item in the visual field rather than just reflecting saccade preparation. This map in FEF may correspond to the theoretical salience map of many models of attention and saccade target selection.
机译:我们通过检查猴子的额眼视野(FEF)中记录的活动进行了两个独立的视觉搜索实验,其中扫视目标的选择有误,从而研究了扫视的决策过程。在第一个实验中,通过改变目标和干扰因素之间的相似性来控制单例搜索任务的难度。当干扰因素与目标相似时,错误发生的频率更高。在没有目标的捕捞试验中,猴子有时会通过将视线转移到其中一个干扰物上而犯错警报错误。第二个实验是弹出式彩色视觉搜索任务,其中目标和干扰物的颜色在各个试验中发生不可预测的切换。错误在切换后的第一次尝试中发生的频率最高,而在随后的尝试中则较少。在两个实验中,FEF神经元均选择了错误试验的扫视目标,而不是搜索阵列的单例目标。尽管对相同的刺激位置都进行了扫视,但是在试验条件下,眼前激活和选择的幅度不同。眼跳前选择性活动的变化是由整个刺激-反应条件下扫视概率的变化引起的,而不是扫视指标的变化引起的。这些结果表明,FEF是从下至上和自上而下的影响相结合得出的扫视概率图。该图上的峰表示视野中每个项目的行为相关性,而不仅仅是反映扫视准备。 FEF中的此图可能对应于注意力和扫视目标选择的许多模型的理论显着图。

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