Most studies on phosphorus cycle in the natural environment focused on phosphates, with limited data available for the reduced phosphine (PH3). In this paper, matrix-bound phosphine (MBP), gaseous phosphine fluxes and phosphorus fractions in the soils were investigated from a penguin colony, a seal colony and the adjacent animal-lacking tundra and background sites. The MBP levels (mean 200.3 ng kg−1) in penguin colony soils were much higher than those in seal colony soils, animal-lacking tundra soils and the background soils. Field PH3 flux observation and laboratory incubation experiments confirmed that penguin colony soils produced much higher PH3 emissions than seal colony soils and animal-lacking tundra soils. Overall high MBP levels and PH3 emissions were modulated by soil biogeochemical processes associated with penguin activities: sufficient supply of the nutrients phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic carbon from penguin guano, high soil bacterial abundance and phosphatase activity. It was proposed that organic or inorganic phosphorus compounds from penguin guano or seal excreta could be reduced to PH3 in the Antarctic soils through the bacterial activity. Our results indicated that penguin activity significantly increased soil phosphine formation and phosphorus contribution, thus played an important role in phosphorus cycle in terrestrial ecosystems of maritime Antarctica.
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机译：关于自然环境中磷循环的大多数研究都集中在磷酸盐上，有关还原膦（PH3）的数据有限。在本文中，从企鹅群落，海豹群落以及邻近的无动物冻原和背景地点研究了土壤中基质结合的磷化氢（MBP），气态磷化氢通量和磷组分。企鹅群落土壤的MBP水平（平均200.3 ng kg −1 ）远高于海豹群落土壤，无动物冻土带土壤和本底土壤。野外PH3通量观察和实验室孵化实验证实，企鹅群落土壤产生的PH3排放量比海豹群落土壤和缺乏动物的苔原土壤要高得多。总体较高的MBP水平和PH3排放量受到与企鹅活动相关的土壤生物地球化学过程的调节：企鹅鸟粪中磷，氮和有机碳的养分供应充足，土壤细菌丰度和磷酸酶活性高。有人提出，可以通过企鹅的活动将企鹅鸟粪或海豹排泄物中的有机或无机磷化合物还原为PH3。我们的结果表明，企鹅的活动显着增加了土壤磷化氢的形成和磷的贡献，因此在海洋南极洲陆地生态系统的磷循环中起着重要作用。
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