Tillage intensities largely affect soil compaction dynamics in agro-ecosystems. However, the contribution of tillage intensities on compaction changes in underground peanut (Arachis hypogaea) fields has not been quantified. We thus aimed to better understand the role of soil tillage intensities in mitigation of compaction stress for peanuts. Using three field tillage experiments in major Chinese peanut producing areas, we quantified the effects of (1) no tillage, (2) shallow (20 cm) plowing, (3) deep (30 cm) plowing and (4) deep (30 cm) loosening on changes in soil bulk density at 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm and 20–30 cm depths, roots and pods growth, and nutrient accumulation. Results showed that tillage management effectively mitigated soil compaction stress for peanut growth and production. Greater beneficial improvement for the underground growth of roots and pods, and N accumulation ranked as deep plowing > shallow plowing and deep loosening. Respective increases of 7.5% and 4.6% in root biomass productions and peanut yields were obtained when soil bulk density was decreased by 0.1 g cm−3. Our results suggest that the mitigation of soil compaction stress by deep plowing could be a key tillage strategy for increasing peanut yields in the field.
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机译：耕作强度在很大程度上影响着农业生态系统中的土壤压实动态。但是，耕作强度对地下花生田（Arachis hypogaea）压实变化的贡献尚未得到量化。因此，我们旨在更好地了解土壤耕作强度在缓解花生压实胁迫中的作用。通过在中国主要花生产区进行的三个田间耕作实验，我们量化了以下方面的影响：（1）免耕，（2）浅耕（20 cm），（3）深耕（30 cm）和（4）深耕（30 cm） ）在0–10 cm，10–20 cm和20–30 cm的深度，根和豆荚生长以及养分积累的土壤容重变化时会松动。结果表明，耕作管理可有效缓解土壤压实应力，促进花生的生长和生产。对根和豆荚的地下生长有更大的有益改善，氮素的积累被列为深耕>浅耕和深松。当土壤容重降低0.1 g cm -3 时，根系生物量产量和花生产量分别增加7.5％和4.6％。我们的结果表明，通过深耕减轻土壤压实应力可能是增加田间花生单产的关键耕作策略。
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