Pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma (PRMS) is a rare type of soft tissue tumor accounting for <2% of all adult sarcomas. The present study describes a case of a 28-year-old male patient with primary PRMS of the right thigh. The patient was initially diagnosed with a schwannoma and underwent conservative therapy at a local hospital. At the 6-month follow-up, the patient reported a marked increase in the size of the mass. Finally, the patient underwent fine-needle aspiration and total tumor resection. The tumor measured 11×9×5 cm3 in size and was located in the vastus intermedius muscle. According to histological and immunohistochemical findings, a diagnosis of PRMS was confirmed by an expert pathology consultant. Postoperative follow-up at 3 months revealed no evidence of recurrent disease or residual side effects from therapy. However, it is imperative that such cases are closely monitored following surgery, in order to evaluate the long-term efficacy of the procedure, since misdiagnosis may increase the risk of recurrence and metastasis. The present case is noteworthy due to the misdiagnosis of PRMS, the large size of the mass and the young age of the patient.
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机译：多形性横纹肌肉瘤（PRMS）是一种罕见的软组织肿瘤，占所有成人肉瘤的<2％。本研究描述了一名28岁男性患者，其右大腿原发性PRMS。该患者最初被诊断出患有神经鞘瘤，并在当地医院接受了保守治疗。在六个月的随访中，患者报告肿块大小明显增加。最后，患者接受了细针穿刺术和全肿瘤切除。肿瘤大小为11×9×5 cm 3 ，位于中间臀大肌中。根据组织学和免疫组化结果，病理专家鉴定证实了PRMS的诊断。术后3个月的随访表明，没有证据表明复发的疾病或治疗残留的副作用。但是，由于误诊可能会增加复发和转移的风险，因此在手术后必须密切监视此类病例，以评估该手术的长期疗效。由于PRMS的误诊，巨大的肿块和患者的年轻年龄，本病例值得关注。
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