Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin with interferon‐alpha versus intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin for treating non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer

摘要

BackgroundDespite local therapies, commonly transurethral resection (TUR) followed by adjuvant treatments, non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) has a high rate of recurrence and progression. Intravesical Bacillus Calmette‐Guérin (BCG) has been shown to reduce recurrence and progression in people with NMIBC following TUR, however many people do not respond to treatment, have recurrence shortly after, or cannot tolerate standard‐dose therapy. The potential for synergistic antitumour activity of interferon (IFN)‐alpha (α) and BCG provides some rationale for combination therapy for people who do not tolerate or respond to standard‐dose BCG therapy.