Behavioral Responses of Heterodera rostochiensis Larvae to Aldicarb and its Sulfoxide and Sulfone

摘要

Temik® aldicarb pesticide [2-Methyl-2-(methylthio) propionaldehyde-O-(methylcarbamoyl) oxime] is an effective contact and systemic compound against a wide variety of agricultural pests. Its metabolism in soils may lead to aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone which are both toxicologically important. The comparative effects of these compounds on body activity and stylet movement of second-stage larvae of the potato cyst nematode, Heterodera rostochiensis, were investigated. Temik aldicarb was the most effective contact toxicant, rapidly inhibiting body activity and stimulating abnormal stylet movement. A 24-hr post-nematicide water treatment allowed effective recovery of body vigor and cessation of abnormal stylet movement of the larvae treated with Temik aldicarb at low concentrations, and with aldicarb sulfoxide and aldicarb sulfone at all the dosage levels used. Larvae treated with 10 ppm Temik aldicarb remained paralyzed, the toxic effect being apparently irreversible. Control of Heterodera rostochiensis by direct contact toxicity may not be effective in soil since Temik degrades to compounds having reversible toxic effect.