One of the dreaded life-threatening complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). American Diabetic Association (ADA) came out with 2018 guidelines on the management of DM and its complications, but these are woefully silent on the clinical conundrums that accompany DKA in elderly patients. In elderly patients, DKA is often complicated by sepsis, atrial fibrillation, polypharmacy, nonketotic hyperosmolar states, atypical clinical presentations, acute kidney injury (AKI), dementia, and noncompliance with medications. Here in we highlight these conundrums that need to be addressed to improve morbidity and mortality in elderly patients.
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