Preoperatively diagnosed ductal cancers in situ of the breast presenting as even small masses are of high risk for the invasive cancer foci in postoperative specimen

摘要

BackgroundIn ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS), histologic diagnosis obtained before the definitive treatment is related to the risk of underestimation if the presence of invasive cancer is found postoperatively. These patients need a second operation to assess the nodal status. We evaluated the upstaging rate in patients with mass-forming DCIS.