53. Highly Psychosis-Prone Adolescents Show Increased Capture by Distractor Stimuli and More Effort to Inhibit Emotional Stimuli Than Typically Developing Controls

摘要

>Background: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q) occurs in ~1 in 2000 live births. Those with 22q can experience impaired attention and executive function, as well as high rates of anxiety (≥56% lifetime prevalence). Critically, those with 22q have a 30% risk for schizophrenia. Since anxiety is a major risk factor for psychosis in this group, we examined attention and response inhibition to emotional stimuli in youth with 22q. >Methods: Adolescents with 22q (n = 24) and Typically Developing (TD; n = 9) controls participated in two pairs of event related potential (ERP) experiments, each of which had a neutral and an emotional variant.In the Distractor Target (DT) participants responded to a central, colored target stimulus while ignoring lateral distractors. We examined the N2PC component, which indexes capture by distracting stimuli, and the PD component, which indexes successful suppression of distractors. In the emotional (eDT) variant, participants responded to target emotions presented using emotional face targets and distractors.In the Go-NoGo (GNG) task, youth pressed a button for frequent images of moles but not for infrequent vegetables. We examined the N2, which indexes conflict detection necessary to inhibit prepotent responses. In the emotional (eGNG) variant, participants responded to frequent emotional (angry or happy) faces but not to infrequent calm faces. >Results: In the DT the 22q group showed more attentional capture (N2PC) than did the TD group (P < .05). Additionally, the TD group showed more successful suppression (ratio of PD to N2PC; P < .01). In the eDT, the 22q group showed a larger PD in the angry than neutral condition (P < .05).The GNG and eGNG effects were influenced by stimuli valence. The 22q group showed a larger N2 to angry than to neutral (P < .05). Informal analyses suggest the TD group shows the opposite effect: a larger N2 to neutral than to angry (n.s.). >Conclusion: In a neutral task, adolescents with 22q were less able to suppress distracting stimuli than TD youth, a pattern similar to schizophrenics, who show a strong N2PC to distractors and a lack of PD. Emotional task data indicated the 22q group may have suppressed angry faces, even when targets, perhaps due to elevated anxiety when trying to ignore angry faces. On the GNG tasks, the 22q group showed a flipped N2 amplitude pattern for emotional stimuli compared to TD peers, suggesting the 22q group needed more effort to plan responses to angry stimuli.