A National Multicity Analysis of the Causal Effect of Local Pollution ... formula ... and ... formula ... on Mortality

摘要

Background: Studies have long associated PM2.5 with daily mortality, but few applied causal-modeling methods, or at low exposures. Short-term exposure to NO2, a marker of local traffic, has also been associated with mortality but is less studied. We previously found a causal effect between local air pollution and mortality in Boston.