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What a Girl Wants: What Can We Learn From Animal Models of Female Sexual Motivation?

机译:女孩想要什么:我们可以从女性性动机的动物模型中学到什么?

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摘要

Sexual motivation is notably different than other motivations such as hunger and thirst, because it lacks homeostatic drive. Sexual motivation poses no threat to physical well-being; individual survival is not at stake. Nevertheless, sexual motivation is a powerful drive and is critical for species survival. Understanding the complexity of sexual motivation has the potential to advance our understanding of other motivations, even pathological motivations, such as those associated with substance abuse. The study of motivation that is unique to females has often been neglected. A number of paradigms have been developed to investigate female sexual motivation beyond measuring only the lordosis reflex. Lordosis is a reflexive posture displayed by female mammals in response to male sexual stimulation to facilitate intromission. The lordosis reflex is essential, but studying the drive to mate is compromised in the absence of robust lordosis. Therefore, appetitive measures of sexual behavior (e.g., preferences, solicitation behaviors) are more specific and more sensitive indicators of sexual motivation than lordosis alone. Paradigms designed to study female sexual motivation often provide a female subject with the choice to interact with a sexually vigorous male or either a non-sexual partner (i.e., female, castrated male) or to remain alone. The study of appetitive measures of sexual motivation has elucidated the role of hormones in female sexual motivation, as well as the underlying neural pathways. The present review describes methods for studying female rats to advance our understanding of sexual motivation and sexual dysfunction.
机译:性动机与其他动机(例如饥饿和口渴)明显不同,因为它缺乏体内平衡的动力。性动机对身体健康没有威胁;个人的生存并不重要。然而,性动机是强大的动力,对于物种的生存至关重要。了解性动机的复杂性有可能加深我们对其他动机的理解,甚至是病理动机,例如与滥用毒品有关的动机。对女性特有的动机的研究通常被忽视。除了仅测量脊柱前凸反射之外,已经开发出许多范例来研究女性的性动机。脊椎前凸是雌性哺乳动物对雄性性刺激作出反应而表现出的自反姿势,以促进内向。脊柱前凸反射是必不可少的,但是在缺乏稳固的脊柱前凸的情况下,研究交配的动力受到了损害。因此,与单独的脊柱前凸相比,性行为的喜好性度量(例如,偏好,诱使行为)是更具体,更敏感的性动机指标。设计用于研究女性性动机的范例通常使女性受试者可以选择与具有性活力的男性或非性伴侣(即女性,cast割的男性)互动,或者保持孤独。对性动机的竞争性测量方法的研究阐明了激素在女性性动机中的作用以及潜在的神经通路。本综述描述了研究雌性大鼠以增进我们对性动机和性功能障碍的理解的方法。

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