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  • 1.

    【2hr】Facial skin revitalization with CPM®-HA20G: an effective and safe early intervention treatment

    包量

    机译 使用CPM®-HA20G进行面部皮肤再生：一种有效，安全的早期干预治疗
    摘要：BackgroundHyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are popular for the treatment of signs of facial skin aging.
  • 2.

    【2hr】Temporal shifts in the collective dermatologic microbiome of military trainees

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    机译 军事学员集体皮肤微生物学组的时间变化
    摘要：Background New military members undergo a highly-regimented 7-week training course during which trainees live and work within the same group of approximately 50 subjects for nearly 24 hours a day. This creates an optimal environment for assessing the impact of communal living on the collective skin microbiome.
  • 3.

    【2hr】Emollient formulations containing antiseptics reduce effectively the level of Staphylococcus aureus on skin

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    机译 包含防腐剂的润肤剂配方可有效降低皮肤上金黄色葡萄球菌的水平
    摘要：BackgroundIncreased skin colonization by Staphylococcus aureus is associated with atopic eczema (AE) severity. Reduction of S. aureus levels on the skin results in an improvement in the clinical condition.
  • 4.

    【2hr】Risk and severity of psoriasis vulgaris in relation to angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene polymorphism and metabolic syndrome

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    机译 寻常型银屑病与血管紧张素II 1型受体基因多态性和代谢综合征有关的风险和严重性
    摘要：BackgroundPsoriasis vulgaris is a chronic inflammatory and proliferative skin disease, characterized by the formation of itchy, erythematous skin patches or plaques. Patients with psoriasis are at an increased risk of developing metabolic syndrome, including obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Recently, angiotensin II (Ang II) has been reported to be associated with the development of psoriasis. Ang II not only increases the blood pressure but is also a potent proinflammatory modulator and functions through interaction with angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R). Moreover, it is hypothesized that the AT1R gene expression could be correlated with the severity of psoriasis and/or metabolic syndrome.
  • 5.

    【2hr】Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism In Chronic Telogen Effluvium; A Case-Control Study

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    机译 慢性端粒细胞f中维生素D受体基因多态性病例对照研究
    摘要：BackgroundTelogen effluvium (TE) is a form of alopecia characterized by diffuse hair shedding. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) plays a role in hair cycle regulation as it is expressed in follicular keratinocytes and dermal papilla cells.
  • 6.

    【2hr】Evaluation Of The Efficacy Of Fluorescent Staining And Chicago Sky Blue Staining As Methods For Diagnosis Of Dermatophytosis In Hair And Nails

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    机译 评估荧光染色和芝加哥天蓝色染色作为诊断头发和指甲皮肤脱皮症的方法的功效
    摘要：PurposeDermatophytes are fungi that cause infections affecting hair, nail, and skin; in nails they cause onychomycosis, while in hair they lead to tinea capitis. Detection of dermatophytes using traditional methods, including potassium hydroxide (KOH) and culture on agar-based media leads to high rates of false-negative results. Here, we investigated more accurate diagnostic techniques, including Chicago sky blue staining and Calcofluor white fluorescent staining and compared them with traditional KOH and culture methods for the diagnosis of fungi causing onychomycosis and tinea capitis.
  • 7.

    【2hr】A Real-Life, International, Observational Study Demonstrating The Efficacy Of A Cosmetic Emulsion In The Supportive Care Of Mild-To-Moderate Facial Acne

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    机译 一项现实生活的国际观察性研究，证明化妆品乳液在轻度至中度痤疮支持治疗中的功效
    摘要：PurposeCosmetic emulsions are increasingly being used as supportive care products to alleviate the severe side effects and improve the clinical outcomes associated with conventional acne treatments. The objectives of this study were to determine, in a real-life setting, the global effectiveness of an emulsion with antiseborrheic, keratolytic and anti-Propionibacterium acnes activities as an adjunct to anti-acne therapy, and to evaluate the effect of the product on acne severity, noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions, hyperseborrhea, skin irritation and patient quality of life (QoL). Tolerance of the product was also assessed.
  • 8.

    【2hr】Painful tumors of the skin: “CALM HOG FLED PEN AND GETS BACK”

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    机译 皮肤痛性肿瘤：“ CALM HOG FLED PEN AND GETS BACK”
    摘要：Painful tumors of the skin present as dermal or subcutaneous nodules. They can originate from several sources: adipose tissue, cartilage degeneration, deposition of bone or calcium, eccrine glands, fibrous tissue, infiltration of benign (endometrium) or malignant (metastatic neoplasm) tissue, muscle, nerve, or vascular structures. Although pathologic evaluation of the lesion is necessary to determine the diagnosis, it is possible to make a reasonable differential diagnosis based on knowledge of prior tumors that have appeared as tender lesions. Two women with painful skin tumors – either osteoma cutis or an organizing thrombus – are described. Based on our clinical experience and review of the literature, 25 painful skin tumors were identified: chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis, angioendotheliomatosis, leiomyoma, metastases, hidradenoma, osteoma cutis, glomus tumor, fibromyxoma, leiomyosarcoma, eccrine angiomatous hamartoma, Dercum’s disease, peizogenic pedal papule, neurilemmoma, angiolipoma, neuroma, dermatofibroma, granular cell tumor, endometriosis, thrombus, scar, blue rubber bleb nevus, angioma, calcinosis cutis, and keloid. An acronym – inspired by Charlotte’s Web, a book that many children have read – that can be used as a memory aid for recalling the list of painful skin tumors is introduced: “CALM HOG FLED PEN AND GETS BACK”.
  • 9.

    【2hr】Treatment-resistant prurigo nodularis: challenges and solutions

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    机译 难治性结节性瘙痒：挑战和解决方案
    摘要：Prurigo nodualris (PN) is a chronic condition with highly pruritic, hyperkeratotic papules or nodules arising in the setting of chronic pruritus. While PN may serve as a phenotypic presentation of several underlying conditions such as atopic dermatitis, chronic kidney disease-related pruritus, and neurological diseases, it represents a distinct clinical entity that may persist despite the removal of the underlying cause, if one is identified. Neuronal proliferation, eosinophils, mast cells, and small-fiber neuropathy play a role in the production of pruritus in PN, although the exact mechanism has not yet been established. Identifying an underlying cause, if present, is essential to prevent recurrence of PN. Due to often present comorbidities, treatment is typically multimodal with utilization of topical and systemic therapies. We performed a PubMed/MEDLINE search for PN and present a review of recent developments in the treatment of PN. Treatment typically relies on the use of topical or intralesional steroids, though more severe or recalcitrant cases often necessitate the use of phototherapy or systemic immunosuppressives. Thalidomide and lenalidomide can both be used in severe cases; however, their toxicity profile makes them less favorable. Opioid receptor antagonists and neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists represent two novel families of therapeutic agents which may effectively treat PN with a lower toxicity profile than thalidomide or lenalidomide.
  • 10.

    【2hr】Treatment-resistant atopic dermatitis: challenges and solutions

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    机译 难治性特应性皮炎：挑战和解决方案
    摘要：Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common, chronic, relapsing–remitting inflammatory disease that can be challenging to treat. Patients with mild disease are usually managed well with good skin care practices including moisturization and appropriate bathing along with intermittent use of topical therapies such as topical corticosteroids and/or topical calcineurin inhibitors during flares. Patients with frequent flares may benefit from proactive application of topical therapies twice a week to the most troublesome areas. Patients with severe disease often present significant treatment challenges. Systemic therapies are usually required for severe AD but have varying degrees of success and can be associated with side-effect profiles that require counseling and close monitoring. Phototherapy has been shown to have success in treating moderate-to-severe AD, but several factors can limit its utility and efficacy including cost and access. New therapies are in development targeting specific pathways relevant for AD. Dupilumab was the first biologic treatment approved in North America, Europe, and Japan for adults with moderate-to-severe AD. Although this treatment can lead to rapid improvement in the majority of patients, there are inadequate responders. In this review, we discuss the clinical challenges and treatment options for moderate-to-severe refractory AD.
  • 11.

    【2hr】Occasional acne; an acne variant

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    机译 偶见痤疮；痤疮变体
    摘要：This article is about a common skin eruption that dermatologists face regularly in their clinics. It is a form of acne that patients frequently refer to as nightshifts acne, stress acne or airplane acne (after experiencing a prior occasion that might aggravate it). Physical or psychological stress is not the only causative factor, therefore we took into consideration of naming it based on its presentation irrespectively of the skin proneness to acne and self-limiting tendency, we name the entity as “occasional acne”. This article will discuss the similarities and differences between this entity and other forms of acne, as well as different causative factors that are involved in the eruption. These factors vary individually whether single or multiple factors might provoke it; maladaptation driven by mental and/or physical stress, temporary imbalance of sebum lipids and nicotine effect, etc.
  • 12.

    【2hr】Botulinum toxin (Botox) A for reducing the appearance of facial wrinkles: a literature review of clinical use and pharmacological aspect

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    机译 减少面部皱纹出现的肉毒杆菌毒素（Botox）A：临床用途和药理学方面的文献综述
    摘要：Background: Botulinum toxin (Botox) consists of 7 types of neurotoxins; however, only toxins A and B are used clinically. Botox A is used for several disorders in the field of medicine, particularly in dermatology, for cosmetic purposes. It is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and can be used as a treatment to reduce the appearance of wrinkles in the upper areas of the face, elevate the eyebrows and treat problems such as hyperhidrosis, lichen simplex, pompholyx (dyshidrotic eczema) and acne vulgaris.Objectives: This article provides a literature review regarding the general issue of Botox as a treatment for reducing facial wrinkle.Discussion: Botox works by blocking the release of acetylcholine, resulting in paralysis of the local muscles, which usually occurs 24 hrs to two weeks following Botox injection. This effect will last three to six months. The optimal dose of cosmetic Botox in dermatology is 20 units. Botox is relatively safe and does not result in any adverse side effects. However, in certain circumstances, the effect of Botox will gradually resolve, resulting in reduced muscle paralysis over time.Conclusion: Botox is good and safe medicine to reduce the appearance of facial wrinkles.
  • 13.

    【2hr】Pseudofolliculitis barbae; current treatment options

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    机译 巴氏假性毛囊炎;目前的治疗选择
    • 作者：Adebola Ogunbiyi
    • 刊名：Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology
    • 2019年第期
    摘要：Pseudofolliculitis barbae (PFB) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of follicular and perifollicular skin characterized by papules, pustules, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. It occurs more frequently in men of African and Asian descent. The etiology of PFB is multifactorial. Shaving or plucking the hair precipitates the onset of an inflammatory reaction that results from the penetration of the adjacent skin by the growing sharp tips. The curved shape of the hair follicle allows for the downward curvature and penetration of the growing hair tips into the skin. The onset of the foreign body reaction leads to itching and the development of papules, pustules, and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, especially in the beard area although other shaved areas of the body may be affected. Keloids have also been known to develop after the onset of PFB, giving rise to extensive unsightly scars. Diagnosis is clinical. Cessation of shaving or removal of the involved hair follicles usually terminates the development of PFB. Individuals with the single nucleotide substitution in the hair follicle companion layer specific keratin gene (K6hf) have a six fold increased chance of developing PFB.
  • 14.

    【2hr】Clinical utility of secukinumab in moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis: evidence to date

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    机译 苏金单抗在中度至重度头皮牛皮癣中的临床应用：迄今为止的证据
    摘要：Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis commonly affecting the scalp and fringes of the face, neck and ears. It may be difficult to treat and the presence of extensive and highly visible lesions may significantly influence psychosocial well-being. Secukinumab, a monoclonal antibody that selectively targets interleukin-17A and has been shown to provide robust and sustained efficacy for whole body psoriasis. In this review, we evaluate the evidence to date of secukinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis. A comprehensive Cochrane database and PubMed searches of all available literature in English through September 2018 was performed using the search terms: “psoriasis”, “scalp” and “secukinumab”. Based on current evidence, we conclude that secukinumab is efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis. Further studies are however warranted.
  • 15.

    【2hr】Spotlight on brodalumab in the treatment of plaque psoriasis: the evidence to date

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    机译 Brodalumab在斑块状牛皮癣的治疗中备受关注：迄今为止的证据
    摘要：The IL-17/IL-23 axis is now understood to influence psoriasis, and the development of novel IL-17 inhibitor medications marks a sea change in the treatment of psoriasis. Brodalumab is a recombinant, fully human immunoglobulin IgG2 monoclonal antibody specifically targeted against IL-17RA. This article discusses the mechanism of action and the efficacy and safety profile of brodalumab presented in the literature. Brodalumab, the latest approved anti-IL-17-class medication, is the only one that exerts its effects on IL-17C as well as on IL-17A and IL-17F, blocking the shared IL-17 receptor A. In this sense, considering the recent evidence, brodalumab could have beneficial effects not only on psoriasis, but also on atopic dermatitis. It could also serve as a therapeutic alternative in patients who develop paradoxical eczematous reactions or atopic-like dermatitis during treatment with other anti-IL-17A (secukinumab, ixekizumab).
  • 16.

    【2hr】Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis: clinical update

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    机译 表皮溶解性角化过度：临床更新
    摘要：Epidermolytic hyperkeratosis (EHK), earlier termed as bullous congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma is a skin disorder characterized as an autosomal dominant and rare disorder which has been observed to affect 1 in over 200,000 infants as a consequence of a significant mutation in the genes responsible for the keratin proteins, mostly keratin 1 and 10. The features present at birth include erythema and blistering. In adults, the hallmarks include hyperkeratosis, erosions, and blisters. The major symptoms including xerosis, pruritus, and painful fissuring lead not only to cosmetic problems but also stress, inferiority complex and other psychological conditions. While clinical inspection followed by confirmatory tests including histopathology and electron microscopic assessment is used for diagnosis, treatment modalities can be further improved for better diagnosis. This article reviews subtypes of ichthyosis, with a focus on EHK, genetics behind the disease, recently reported mutations, the existing diagnostics and treatments for the same and potential of new modalities in diagnosis/treatment.
  • 17.

    【2hr】Molluscum contagiosum: an update and review of new perspectives in etiology, diagnosis, and treatment

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    机译 软体动物感染：病因学，诊断和治疗的新观点的更新和回顾
    摘要：Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a self-limited infectious dermatosis, frequent in pediatric population, sexually active adults, and immunocompromised individuals. It is caused by molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) which is a virus of the Poxviridae family. MCV is transmitted mainly by direct contact with infected skin, which can be sexual, non-sexual, or autoinoculation. Clinically, MC presents as firm rounded papules, pink or skin-colored, with a shiny and umbilicated surface. The duration of the lesions is variable, but in most cases, they are self-limited in a period of 6–9 months. The skin lesions may vary in size, shape, and location, which is more frequent in immunosuppressed patients, and could present complications such as eczema and bacterial superinfection. The diagnosis is based on clinical findings. A useful clinical tool is dermoscopy. If the diagnostic doubt persists, confocal microscopy or skin biopsy could be performed. The need for active treatment for MC is controversial; however, there is a consensus that it should be indicated in cases of extensive disease, associated with complications or aesthetic complaints. There are several treatment modalities which include mechanical, chemical, immunomodulatory, and antivirals. The objective of this article is to review the current evidence in etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management alternatives of MC.
  • 18.

    【2hr】Clinical utility of daylight photodynamic therapy in the treatment of actinic keratosis – a review of the literature

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    机译 日光动力疗法在光化性角化病治疗中的临床应用-文献综述
    摘要：Actinic keratosis (AK) is an early in situ squamous cell carcinoma that results from UV light exposure and has the potential to evolve into invasive tumor. Therefore, it is crucial that AKs are monitored and treated appropriately. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a treatment option that is minimally invasive and leaves patients with cosmetically superior results. However, disadvantages of PDT include pain and lengthy clinic visits. Accordingly, there has been much interest in the use of daylight photodynamic therapy (daylight-PDT) as a more convenient and less painful alternative to conventional photodynamic therapy (c-PDT). Current evidence shows that daylight-PDT is noninferior to c-PDT in the short and long term. Patients reported decreased pain with daylight-PDT and were more satisfied with the procedure (P<0.001). Current evidence suggests that 2 hrs of daylight exposure was sufficient for treatment, and its efficacy does not appear to be limited by weather conditions. Given the decreased intensity of treatment, daylight-PDT is better for mild disease, as it is less effective in moderate-to-thick AKs. Though further studies are still needed to refine the technique, daylight-PDT is a potential alternative to c-PDT for thin-to-moderate AKs and should be offered to patients with lower pain tolerance or busy schedules.
  • 19.

    【2hr】Home phototherapy for patients with vitiligo: challenges and solutions

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    机译 白癜风患者的家庭光疗：挑战和解决方案
    摘要：Vitiligo is a chronic autoimmune condition involving selective dysfunction and destruction of melanocytes in the skin, hair, or both. The typical presentation is well-demarcated depigmented skin patches. Given vitiligo is the most common cause of depigmentation worldwide and early disease responds best to treatment, prompt diagnosis and proactive management of vitiligo are critical. While a wide variety of treatments has demonstrated variable effectiveness in treating vitiligo, phototherapy remains standard of care because of its proven efficacy and favorable side effect profile. However, many patients with vitiligo are unable to access affordable, consistent, or convenient phototherapy. To address these issues, home-based phototherapy has emerged as a patient-centered alternative. The purpose of this review is to discuss management of vitiligo with a specific focus on access to home-based phototherapy (HBPT) for patients with this condition. Key challenges to HBPT include misperceptions around safety and efficacy, inadequate physician education and training, insurance and financial barriers, and appropriate patient selection. Solutions to these challenges are presented, such as approaches to improve physician education and increasing the evidence surrounding the effectiveness and safety of this treatment for vitiligo. In addition, various practical considerations are discussed to guide dermatologists on how to approach HBPT as a treatment option for patients with vitiligo.
  • 20.

    【2hr】The regenerative potential of skin and the immune system

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    机译 皮肤的再生潜力和免疫系统
    摘要：Skin has the natural ability to heal and replace dead cells regulated by a network of complex immune processes. This ability is conferred by the population of resident immune cells that act in coordination with other players to provide a homeostatic environment under constant challenge. Other than providing structure and integrity, the epidermis and dermis also house distinct immune properties. The dermal part is represented by fibroblasts and endothelial cells followed by an array of immune cells which includes dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, mast cells, NK-cells, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, αβ T lymphocytes, B-cells and platelets. On the other hand, the functionally active immune cells in the epidermis comprise keratinocytes, DCs, NKT-cells, γδ T cells and αβ T cells (CD4+ and CD8+). Keratinocytes create a unique microenvironment for the cells of the immune system by promoting immune recognition and cellular differentiation. T lymphocytes exhibit tissue-specific tropism toward the epidermis and the lymphatic drainage system important for their function in immune regulation. This diversity in immune regulators makes the skin a unique organ to overcome pathogenic or foreign invasion. In addition, the highly coordinated molecular events make the skin an attractive model to understand and explore its regenerative potential.
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