延伸护理在初期老年糖尿病患者胰岛素规范注射中的应用效果

摘要

目的 探讨实施延伸护理服务在初期老年糖尿病患者胰岛素规范注射中的应用效果.方法 选取2016年1月至12月本院门诊和住院初始行笔型胰岛素注射老年糖尿病患者110例,随机分为观察组(55例)和对照组(55例),最终完成观察组51例,对照组50例.对照组予常规出院护理,观察组在对照组基础上开展延伸护理,包括家庭访视、电话随访、胰岛素规范注射示教和回示教等.分别在干预前,干预3个月、6个月后采用胰岛素规范注射的知信行问卷调查,测定糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c),评价两组患者规范注射胰岛素知信行、糖代谢水平.结果 干预前两组患者规范注射胰岛素知信行、糖化血红蛋白水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).干预后6个月,规范注射胰岛素知信行和糖化血红蛋白控制水平,观察组均优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 延伸护理服务提高初期老年糖尿病患者学习新知识、新技术的能力,规范胰岛素注射,有利于控制糖代谢指标,值得在临床和社区护理推广应用.%Objective To explore the application effect of extended care service in the standardization of insulin injection for the newly diagnosed old patients with diabetes. Methods A total of 110 newly diagnosed old patients with diabetes,who were admitted to our hospital from January to December 2016,were randomly divided into observation group(55 cases)and control group(55 cases). Finally,51 cases of patients in observation group and 50 cases of patients in control group were completed. The routine discharge care was given to those in control group,while the extended care was additionally given to those in observation group,including home visit,telephone follow-up,insulin standard injection teaching and back demonstration,etc. Before intervention and 3/6 months later after intervention,a KAP questionnaire of insulin standardization injection was used to determine HbA1c and evaluate the KAP of insulin standardization injection as well as the level of glucose metabolism in two groups. Results Before intervention,there was no statistically significant difference in terms of KAP of insulin standardization injection and the level of HbA1c between the two groups(P>0.05). Six months later after intervention,the observation group was superior to the control group for the KAP of insulin standardization injection and the control level of HbA1c,and there had significant differences between two groups(P<0.01). Conclusion The extended care service can improve the ability of newly diagnosed old patients with diabetes in learning new knowledge and techniques,standardizing the insulin injection,as well as helping control the glucose metabolism index. Therefore,it is worth to be promoted and applied in clinical applications and community care.