精细化护理在无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折患者治疗中的应用

摘要

目的 探讨围手术期精细化护理干预对无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折患者手术治疗中的护理质量的影响.方法 回顾性分析2014年1月至2016年9月期间脊柱外科无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折手术患者72例的临床资料随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,每组各36例.结果 72例患者均顺利完成手术,观察组的护理质量评分与合格率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者进行护理干预前后的疼痛程度(PPI)评分、焦虑自量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),观察组护理干预之后PPI评分、SAS评分、SDS评分明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组的术后首次自主下地负重时间、并发症发生率、住院时间明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者及家属的满意度评价明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 无神经损伤胸腰椎骨折手术患者围手术期进行精细化护理干预,有助于提高护理人员的护理质量评分与合格率、有效降低术后疼痛指数及并发症的发生率、明显缓解患者的紧张焦虑情绪、缩短术后恢复时间、增加患者满意度,临床值得推广.%Objective To investigate the effect of perioperative nursing care on nursing quality in surgical treatment of thoracolumbar fractures without nerve injury. Methods The clinical data of 72 patients with thoracic and lumbar fractures without spinal nerve injury were analyzed retrospectively from January 2014 to September 2016. Results 72 patients were successfully completed the operation,the observation group of nursing quality score and pass rate were higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The scores of pain(PPI), anxiety(SAS)and self-rating depression(SDS)were significantly improved in the two groups(P<0.01),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01)The scores of PPI,SAS score and SDS were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05). The time of the first independent postoperative weight loss,the incidence of complications and the hospitalization time were significantly lower(P<0.05). The satisfaction rate of the patients and their families was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.05). The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Perioperative nursing care of patients with thoracolumbar fractures without nerve injury can improve the nursing quality score and pass rate of nursing staff,reduce the incidence of postoperative pain index and complication,and alleviate the tension of patients anxiety,shorten the postoperative recovery time,increase patient satisfaction and clinical worthy of promotion.