The characteristics were analyzed of incoming water & sediment as well as deposit volume of each section,according to the measured hydrological data of inlet and outlet stations of the Sanmenxia Reservoir and cross sections in the reservoir. The results show that:1 )the incoming water and sediment is respectively 31. 2% and 89. 9% less than the average annual;2)the scoured sediment volume during the flood season is 18. 45 million m3 larger than that silted up during the non-flood season in the regions of the reservoir below Tongguan cross-section;3)the Tongguan elevation is lower down from 328. 18 m before the flood season to 327. 59 m after that;4)flood scouring happened in the North Yellow River rea-ches,which is a small probability phenomenon;5)the main channel of Weihe River is flushed deep during the autumn flood season,which en-larged flood conveyance capacity. It is recommended that further research should be performed on optimization of water and sediment processes in the Spring flood season,in order to improve the flood carrying capacity and lower the Tongguan elevation,and take the chance of current lower Tongguan elevation,to carry out the prototype experiments such as water and sediment regulation and artificial sedimentation in Xiaobeiganliu ac-cording to real time water conditions.%依据2011年三门峡库区进出库水文站及各淤积断面实测水文资料，对该年来水来沙及各库段冲淤变化特点等进行了分析。结果表明：三门峡库区来水来沙分别较多年均值偏小31．2％和89．9％；潼关以下库段汛期将非汛期淤积的泥沙全部排出库外，且多排泥沙0．1845亿m3；潼关高程由汛前的328．18 m降为汛后的327．59 m；黄河小北干流河段发生了汛期冲刷的小概率现象；秋汛洪水使渭河下游主槽刷深、过洪能力增强。建议进一步研究优化桃汛期的水沙过程和坝前运用水位，提高桃汛洪水的挟沙能力及其降低潼关高程的效果，同时要抓住目前潼关高程较低的有利时机，根据实时水沙情况，做好调水调沙、小北干流放淤等原型试验工作。
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