大坝安全监测分析中，在已知某些突变因素的情况下，为了把突变分量从广义时效中分离出来、获得更加真实的时效、合理评价大坝安全，以铜街子、龚嘴大坝为例，从初蓄期水位急升、运行期人为因素突变、运行期自然因素突变三方面进行分析。结果表明：突变分量的引入有助于更好地解析时效，分离出代表真实坝体和坝基性状的单调时效，更好地了解和评价大坝的安全状况。突变的起因是多方面的，既有初蓄期环境因素的突变，也有运行期人为因素和自然因素的突变，各种突变的机理有所不同，应根据实际情况选择相应的突变因子。%On the analysis of dam safety monitoring with some certain mutation factors are known, in order to peel off the mutations component from the generalized time dependent component, get a more realistic and reasonable evaluation of dam safety, taking Tongjiezi and Gongzui Dams for examples, three aspects from the beginning of the reservoir water level surge, the mutations by human factors and natural factors during the running time were analyzed. The results show that introducing mutations contribute to a better analytical time dependent component and isolate the monotonous time dependent component on behalf of the true characters of the dam foundation and the dam, getting a better understanding and a more reasonable evaluation of dam safety. There are many causes of mutations, some caused by the environment change at the beginning of the storage capacity, some also caused by human and natural factors during the running time. The mechanism of the mutations is different, so we should select the appropriate mutation factors according to the actual situation.
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