黄河下游地区多目标优化配水模型研究

摘要

According to the supply and demand of water resources as well as the unbalanced flow situation in the lower Yellow River basin, based on the lower river reaches generalization map and taking the social and ecological indicators into account, the multi⁃objective optimization model of water distribution was established. The multi⁃objective optimization problem was transformed into a single objective optimization problem through linear weighting method and the genetic algorithm was used to solve the model. The results show that although the water shortage rate is slightly different, the total water shortage rate in the two provinces is equal, and the traffic flow of each important node is in the rational range of ecological flow. Therefore, the establishment of the optimal allocation model of water distribution of the lower Yellow River is feasible and effective.%针对黄河下游地区水资源供需不平衡的形势，基于黄河下游河段概化图并综合考虑社会指标和生态指标，建立黄河下游多目标河段优化配水模型，选用线性加权和法将多目标优化问题转化为单目标优化问题，采用遗传算法对模型进行求解。结果表明，虽然各河段缺水率略有差异，但河南、山东两省总缺水率相等，并且各重要节点的流量都在适宜生态流量范围内，证明所建立的黄河下游多目标河段优化配水模型是可行、有效的。