汉江流域用水总量控制指标实施方法研究

摘要

The Hangjiang Basin is a pilot basin for implementing the stringent water resources management system in China, so the research on water supply and demand condition, and the implementation scheme of total water-use control index in the basin has important guiding significance. Based on the water resources bulletin of the Hanjiang River Basin, firstly, the evaluation in-dex system on total water-use control index is established. Then, through analysis on water resources supply-demand situa-tion, water-use efficiency as well as comparison between the water-saving level of different localities in the basin and that of developed countries, the water-consumption level in the basin, difference of water saving amount in various places, water saving potential compared with the developed countries, as well as the localities and industries to be strengthened in water resources management, are determined. It is concluded that in order to maintain the sustainable development and water use safety in the Hanjiang River Basin, water resources management should be strengthened from 2 aspects of increasing supply and water saving, and especially water saving should be concerned in the localities and industries of low water use efficiency.%汉江流域为我国实行最严格水资源管理体制的试点流域，对其水资源供需状况进行研究，探讨用水总量控制的实施方法，有着十分重大的指导意义。以汉江流域水资源公报为依据，首先建立了汉江流域用水总量控制评价指标体系，然后，通过对流域各地区水资源供需形势、用水效率、与发达国家节水水平的比较，明确了汉江流域目前的用水水平、各地区节约用水的差距、与世界先进国家相比的节水潜力、需要加强水资源管理的地区与行业。分析结果认为，为保证汉江流域经济社会的可持续发展和用水安全，应从开源和节流两个方面制定水资源管理措施，节水重点应放在水资源利用效率较差的行业和地区。