海上溢油事故对九段沙湿地保护区影响研究

摘要

Lingang offshore wind farm is located in the intersection of the Yangtze Delta and Hangzhou Bay where the hydrolog-ical conditions are complicated and the waterways are in a crisscross pattern. To study the influence of oil spill in this sea area caused by ship collision to the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve and countermeasures, the MIKE21 ( SA) module was used to establish a two-dimensional oil spill model and analyze the spill oil movement under 3 typical conditions of various hydrology, weather and ocean on the basis of the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model. The analysis results show that the drifting trajecto-ries and coverage of the oil film are influenced by wind direction and wind velocity;under the 3 conditions, the oil films could not reach the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve within 18. 5 h. So, in this period, the influence of oil spill accident to the Jiuduan-sha Wetland Nature Reserve can be avoided if the measures of block, absorption, digestion are taken timely.%临港海上风电场位于长江口与杭州湾交汇的海域,水文条件复杂,且周围航道纵横交错。为研究该海域船舶碰撞发生溢油事故对国家级九段沙湿地自然保护区的影响和对策措施,在二维水动力模型的基础上,采用MIKE21( SA)模块建立了二维溢油运动分析模型。针对不同水文、气象、海洋条件下的3种典型工况,利用所建模型对溢油运动进行了模拟分析。分析结果表明,不同风向和风速对油膜漂移轨迹以及覆盖面积有影响；在3种工况下,18.5 h内油膜均还未到达九段沙湿地自然保护区附近。在这一时间内,如及时采取油膜阻拦、吸附和消解措施,可避免对九段沙湿地自然保护区造成影响。