新疆不同甜瓜品种对埃及列当的抗性鉴定

摘要

[目的]研究从新疆收集的31个甜瓜品种对埃及列当的抗性程度和水平,为甜瓜抗列当育种和品种合理布局提供参考.[方法]采用根室法、温室盆栽和田间小区测定,对31份甜瓜品种抗埃及列当寄生的能力进行评价.[结果]抗性类型仅有金甜蜜17号,根室试验中接种列当生长停滞在第Ⅱ种寄生状态;室内盆栽与小区试验中埃及列当寄生率分别为33.33%和50.00%,寄生程度分别为0.33和1.67.耐寄生类型有亚洲密17号等4个品种,根室试验中接种列当生长停滞在第Ⅲ种寄生状态;盆栽试验中列当寄生率在71.43%~75.00%,寄生程度在1.29~4.25.其余26个品种均属易感类型,根室试验中接种列当正常生长至第Ⅳ种寄生状态;室内盆栽与小区试验中埃及列当寄生率最高均为100%,寄生程度最高分别为13.00和17.50.[结论]31个甜瓜品种中,1个为抗列当品种,4个为耐列当品种以及26个均为易感列当品种.目前,新疆栽培的甜瓜品种抗列当寄生的品种或材料较少,多为易感品种或材料,这是导致新疆甜瓜产区埃及列当危害严重的主要原因之一.%[Objective] To identify the resistance level of Orobanche aegyptiaca on 31 varieties of musk-melon collected in Xinjiang and provide reference for planting arrangement of muskmelon variety and Oro-banche aegyptiaca -resistant breeding.[Method]Rhizotron, pot and field experiments were performed to e-valuate resistance of 31 selected muskmelon varieties in Xinjiang to Orobanche aegyptiaca population.[Re-sult]The Jintianmi17, maintained a high level of resistance to Orobanche aegyptiaca.In rhizotron experi-ments,the notable developmental stagnated in species II parasitic state In pot and field experiment,Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitism rate on Jintianmi17 was 33.33%and 50.00%,and the degree of parasitism varied be-tween 0.33 and 1.67,respectively.There were 4 melon cultivars such as Yazhoumi17 in the second category, which had a tolerance to Orobanche aegyptiaca.In rhizotron experiments,the notable developmental stagnated in species III parasitic state.In pot experiment,the parasitism rate of Orobanche aegyptiaca in these four vari-eties was 71.43%-75.00%,and the parasitic degree varied between 1.29-4.25.The other 26 muskmelon varieties were sensitive to the broomrape.In rhizotron experiments, they did not inhibit the normal growth of broomrape.In pot and field experiment,the highest Orobanche aegyptiaca parasitism rate in 26 muskmelon va-rieties were 100%,and the highest parasitic degrees were between 13.00 and 17.50 respectively.[Conclu-sion]Among the 31 muskmelon varieties,1 belongs to Orobanche aegyptiaca resistance variety,4 belong to tolerance varieties and the other 26 are sensitive varieties to Orobanche aegyptiaca.In general,sensitive vari-eties of muskmelon are much more than resistance varieties.This is one of the main reasons why Orobanche ae-gyptiaca can cause serious damage in muskmelons in Xinjiang producing area.