Global climate change is one of the most significant challenges that human beings are facing today and the low-carbon economy is merging, which has been the focus of attention of governments and academy around the world. In the context of Low-carbon economy, the study on the change and transformation of the international trade structure has also been carried out, and researches are mainly concentrated on low-carbon economy and energy consumption, carbon emissions and trade restructuring path. Recently, althongh studies have made great progress, various scholars selected different variables, geographical and time scope, results exist differences. For representing the interests of nations or regions, scholars from various countries focus on different dimensions on low-carbon trade, especially research on low-carbon trade policy. Domestic scholars are mostly expanding the research based on foreign research, the theoretical and methodological innovation is not enough. There is an urgent need for Chinese scholars to further study on how to optimize the structure of China's foreign trade in the low-carbon background based on the realities of China, to develop emissions trading market, to cope canbon tariffs, to innovate canbon finance and to develop and restructure foreign trade in pecific industries and geographic areas.% 全球气候变化是当今人类面临的重大挑战之一，低碳经济在此背景下应运而生，成为世界各国政府和学术界关注的焦点。低碳经济背景下国际贸易结构变化和转型的研究也已开展起来，研究成果主要集中在低碳经济与能源消耗、碳排放的关系以及低碳经济背景下国际贸易结构转型路径等方面。尽管近年来研究取得很大进展，但由于各个学者选择的研究变量、研究地域和研究时段的不同，导致研究结果存在差异和分歧。各国学者出于代表本国或本区域利益的原因，对低碳贸易的研究侧重点不同，特别是与低碳贸易政策有关的研究存在利益分歧。而国内学者的研究大多是在借鉴国外研究成果的基础上展开，理论和方法上的创新不够。为此，迫切需要我国学者作进一步的研究，从中国的国情出发，研究如何解决低碳背景下我国外贸结构的优化、碳交易市场的拓展、碳关税的应对策略、碳金融的创新以及分行业、分地区的外贸转型发展等问题。
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