96例双相情感障碍住院患者家属焦虑抑郁及其相关因素分析

摘要

目的：①调查研究发作期双相情感障碍（bipolar disorder，BPD）住院患者家属的焦虑抑郁情绪状况及分析相关因素；②心理干预是否可改善BPD住院患者家属焦虑抑郁情绪。方法选取2014年10月—2015年3月重庆医科大学附属第一医院精神科住院部符合ICD-10诊断标准被确诊为双相情感障碍的96例患者且由直系亲属留陪，采用汉密尔顿焦虑量表（HAMA）、汉密尔顿抑郁量表（HAMD）检测其直系家属焦虑、抑郁水平，并用自制量表进行相关因素分析。结果双相情感障碍I型、II型患者中直系家属所占比例分别为：66.7%、33.3%；直系亲属中主要照顾者汉密尔顿焦虑量表、抑郁量表分值均较高，其中明确有焦虑、抑郁情绪者分别占68.7%、8.3%；不同类型患者家属焦虑情绪差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），中度焦虑情绪双相障碍I型患者家属（25%）明显高于双相障碍II型患者家属（4.1%）,而对抑郁情绪差异无统计学意义P＞0.05，但焦虑抑郁分值均升高，其中年龄越大、收入越低、复发次数越多、病程越长的I型双相情感障碍患者家属分值越高。结论对于双相情感障碍发作患者家属普遍具有焦虑及抑郁情绪，与年龄、人均收入、疾病类型、复发次数及病程长短有关，尤其对于疾病不同类型及反复发作家属，而对家属进行心理干预后焦虑抑郁情绪明显下降。%Abstract!Objective①To investigate hospitalized patients' families of bipolar disorder about its anxiety and depression and relat-ed factors; ②Whether if the psychological intervention can improve the anxiety and depression in hospitalized patients' fami-lies with bipolar disorder. Methods Selecting 96 patients' families with bipolar disorder who diagnosed by ICD-10 in the first hospital affiliated of chongqing medical university from October 2014 to March 2015. Using Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Hamilton depression scale (HAMD) to detect level of anxiety, depression in the patients' families, with self-made question-naires to analyze its related factors. Results The respectively ratio of Bipolar disorder type I and type II in patients' familiesare 66.7%、33.3%.The patients' families with bipolar disorder have higher scale scores in Hamilton anxiety and depression scale ,which accounts for anxiety (68.7%), mild depression accounted for (8.3%).And anxiety scores is associated with bipolar disordertype,and bipolar type I have higher moderate anxiety scores than type II scores in statistically significant,Moderate anxi-ety in patients families with bipolar disorder type I (25%) was obviously higher than bipolar type II patients families (4.1%), and there are no differences in depression, but anxiety and depression scores are both higher,especially older age, low income, recurrent attacks,the longer course in type I bipolar disorder patients' families have higher score. Conclusion For the bipolar disorder patients' families generally have anxiety and depression, related to the age, income, disease types, recurrence rate and thecourse, especially fordifferent types and recurrent families, And after psychological intervention the anxiety and depression scores of patients' families significantly decreased.