Department of Anesthesiology Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100026 China;
Department of Emergency Medicine Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100730 China;
Accident and Emergency Medicine Academic Unit Prince of Wales Hospital The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 9990777 China;
Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing 100037 China;
Preeclampsia; Cesarean delivery; Spinal anesthesia; Cardiac output; Hemodynamics;