从中医发热理论的发展谈中医的创新

摘要

In order to summarize principles and methods of TCM innovation,this paper comprehensively reviewed the history of Fever Theories,including the Febrile Disease in HuangDi’s Internal Classic,the five kinds of “shanghan”in Classic of Difficult Tissues,differentiation of Six Meridians in Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Disease,Fiery Theory proposed by liu Wansu,Ministerial Fire Theory proposed by Zhu Danxi,Yin-Fire Theory proposed by Li Dongyuan and Febrile Disease of Pesti-lence.The principles of TCMinnovation based on TCMinheritance and were oriented to the clinical practice.The content of TCM innovation included classification of diseases,discovering etiology,mechanism and laws of progress of diseases,creating treating methods and TCMdecoctions.Moreover,thinking methods of TCM innovation included keeping the balance between discovering and summarizing as well as attaching importance to mutual rooting between philosophy and TCM.%为总结中医创新的原则和方法，本文较全面地梳理了中医发热理论的发展历史，包括《黄帝内经》中的“热病”，《难经》中的“广义伤寒有五”，《伤寒论》中六经辨证的“伤寒”，刘完素的“火热论”，李东垣的“阴火论”，朱丹溪的“相火论”，温病学派的“广义温病”理论等等。在此基础上，分析并总结了以传承为基础、以指导临床实践为导向的中医创新原则。中医理论创新的内容主要涉及疾病分类、病因突破、病机发明、传变规律归纳、治法制定、方药创立等方面。中医创新的思维方法注重发散性的发明创造与收敛性的总结归纳的对立统一、学界哲理风气医家品性风格与中医理论的互根互用。