雌激素或雌激素样物质对心血管系统的影响及其作用途径与机制

摘要

更年期女性因体内雌激素水平降低致雌激素效应减弱，使更年期心血管疾病发病率增高。作为1种重要的固醇类激素，雌激素的作用靶点分布广泛，生物学效应复杂多样，能参与机体多个器官系统功能的调节；但雌激素或雌激素样物质均是通过经典的雌激素受体（ER）α和 ERβ或 G 蛋白偶联的雌激素受体（GPER）等介导的基因或非基因传导通路发挥生物学效应的。雌激素对心血管系统经受体介导的作用途径及其机制的研究对女性更年期心血管疾病的临床治疗具有重要指导意义。本文将就雌激素或雌激素样物质影响心血管系统的作用途径与机制进行综述。%The increasing incidence of female menopausal cardiovascular disease is closely related to the decline of the levels and hypofunction of estrogen.As an important steroid hormone,estrogen has widely distributed targets and complex biological effects.It enrolls in the regulation of the functions of multiple organs and systems.Estrogen or estrogenic compounds exert their biological effects through the non-genomic and genomic pathways via the typical estrogen receptor (ER)αand ERβor G protein coupled es-trogen receptor (GPER).The research of estrogen on cardiovascular system via ER pathway and its mechanisms will present as an important reference for the clinical treatment of female menopausal cardiovascular disease.This paper will discuss mainly on the role and its mechanisms of estrogen or estrogenic compounds on cardiovascular system.