河北省社区居民对中医“治未病”的认知现状及发展策略

摘要

目的:了解社区居民对中医“治未病”的认知现状,探讨在社区居民开展治未病服务的发展策略.方法:采用自制问卷对2015年3月至2016年3月在河北省内11个地级市的33个社区卫生服务机构内就诊的3 300名社区居民进行调查,内容包括居民基本信息情况、对中医“治未病”的知晓状况、对中医“治未病”服务实施意义的认知状况、对中医“治未病”服务愿意尝试状况、对中医“治未病”服务内容的需求状况.结果:共发放问卷调查表3 300份,回收有效问卷调查表3203份,有效回收率为97.06％.37.2％的社区居民听说过,1.3％(68/461)听说过并很熟悉,61.5％没听说过.68.4％社区居民认为开展中医“治未病”服务有意义,不同年龄、文化教育程度、月收入状况、医保种类对中医“治未病”服务实施意义的认识状况间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).社区居民对中医“治未病”服务愿意尝试率为74.6％,不同文化程度、月收入、医保种类的社区居民对中医“治未病”服务愿意尝试情况间比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).社区居民对“治未病”服务内容的需求主要是养生保健(54.3％)、愈后保养(45.9％)、危险因素干预(48.6％)、健康评估(16.7％)、调畅情志(21.8％).结论:社区居民对中医“治未病”认知水平有待提高.为了更好的在社区居民中开展治未病服务,提出以下几点建议:加强“治未病”思想的社区宣传力度,提高社区居民的认知水平;创新“治未病”社区服务模式,开展人民满意的“治未病”服务;加大对治未病服务的支持力度,开展社区居民需求度高的未病服务项目,从而使“治未病”服务在社区居民中落到实处.%Objective:To investigate the cognition status of TCM "preventive treatment of disease" among community residents of Hebei province,and to explore strategies in the development,promotion and improvement of TCM "preventive treatment of disease".Methods:Self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct survey on 3300 community residents who received treatment in 33 community health service settings in 11 prefecture-level cities in Hebei province from March 2015 to March 2016.The content of the questionnaire included the general information of the residents,the awareness of TCM " preventive treatment of disease",the Cognitive Level of Implementing the Meaning of TCM "preventive treatment of disease",their will to try the TCM "preventive treatment of disease",the demand situation of content of TCM "preventive treatment of disease".Results:A total of 3300 questionnaires were distributed,and 3203 effective questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 97.06％.Among respondents,37.2％ heard about the concept,1.3％ heard about it and know about it,and 61.5％ didn't't hear about it.Community residents who were considered the service of TCM "preventive treatment of disease" meaningful accounted for 68.4％.and community residents with different education background,household registration,monthly income and medical insurance form were significantly different in the consideration of being meaningful to receive the service (P ＜ 0.05).Community residents who were willing to receive the service of TCM " preventive treatment of disease" accounted for 74.6％,and community residents with different education background,household registration,monthly income and medical insurance form were significantly different in the proportion of being willing to receive the service (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Community residents generally have good room for improvement on TCM "preventive treatment of disease".In order to satisfy community residents' demand and combine TCM "preventive treatment of disease" with community health service,we put forward the following strategies:To strengthen the publicity of "preventing disease",improve the cognitive level of community residents;Innovate the service mode of TCM " preventive treatment of disease" service in the community medical and healthcare institutions to protect the health of community residents;To meet community residents' high demand for disease-free services to make the TCM "preventive treatment of disease" service in communities substantial and effective.