目的:通过对银杏全球产区生态适宜性分析,为其合理生产布局提供科学依据.方法:采用《药用植物全球产地生态适宜性区划信息系统》(Geographic Information System for Global Medicinal Plants,GMPGIS),以612个银杏采样点气候因子值和土壤类型为依据,预测银杏全球最大生态相似度区域.结果:银杏适宜生长的地区包括亚洲东部、欧洲大部分地区、北美洲中部及南部、南美洲南部、非洲南部以及澳洲南部地区.世界范围内适宜银杏生长的面积约为41 215.44×10.3 km2,占地球总面积的30.62%.适宜银杏生长的国家主要包括美国、中国、俄罗斯、阿根廷、加拿大、澳大利亚、哈萨克斯坦、墨西哥、日本等;其中中国适宜银杏生长的省区包括内蒙古、云南、四川、广西、浙江、湖北、河南、安徽等.研究结果基本包括了银杏现有产区及文献记载道地产地,并预测新的生态适宜种植地区.结论:本研究结果可为银杏全球范围内引种栽培提供科学依据,对高品质银杏药材生产提供参考.%Objective:Through assess the global production and ecological adaptation of Ginkgo biloba,provided the scientific basis for its production.Methods:Geographic Information System for Global medicinal plants(GMPGIS)was be used to predict the maximum ecological similarity areas for Ginkgo biloba worldwide,based on climate factors and soil types of Ginkgo biloba from 612 sampling sites.Results:The results show that the eastern and south part of Asian,most regions of Europe,Southern and central part of North America,South America and South Africa are the most suitable areas for Ginkgo biloba.The potential distribution of G.biloba predicted was approximately 41215.44×10.3 km2,and 30.62% of the total area of the earth.The American,China,Russia,Argentina,Canada,Australian,Kazakhstan,Mexico and Japan are the country in most suitable ecological and cultivated area globally for Ginkgo biloba.The potential suitable province of Ginkgo biloba in China are mainly included Inner Mongolia,Yunnan,Sichuan,Guangxi,Zhejiang,Hubei,Henan,Anhui.And the predicted results is corresponded with the global cultural region.Conclusion:Use of GMPGIS to select the most optimum Ginkgo biloba production regions provides a new scientific basis for cultivation for Ginkgo biloba and the growth and quality affection by ecology analysis would lay a solid foundation for the high quality Ginkgo biloba production.
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