为克服油茶杂交育种的花期不遇，用TTC法对赣无系列等26个油茶优良无性系的花粉活力进行简单快速测定，研究了不同贮藏条件对5个油茶优良无性系（赣无1、白皮中子、赣无16、赣无8、赣190）花粉活力的影响，以恒丰8号和闪光红山茶为试验材料，在－20℃真空冷冻条件下，附加干燥条件做进一步试验。结果表明：26个油茶优良无性系中，花粉活力最高的为赣70，达到93.16%；花粉活力在70%以上的油茶优良无性系共有18个，占所测总数的69.23%。在－20℃冷冻条件下，真空保存的花粉能在较长时间内保持较高的萌发率，赣无1在110 d时的花粉萌发率为36.13%，赣190在50 d时的萌发率为27.43%。在272 d时，闪光红山茶和恒丰8号的花粉萌发率仍分别高达39.12%和44.00%。可见，－20℃冷冻真空保存为花粉长期贮藏的有效方法。%In order to overcome the problem of flowering asynchronism in Camellia cross breeding, pollen vitalities of 26 superior Camellia clones were simply and fast determined by using TTC method, and effects of different storage conditions on pollen vitalities of five superior clones were researched, including Ganwu No.1, Baipizhongzi, Ganwu No.16, Ganwu No.8, Gan No.9. Taking Camellia red flash and Hengfeng No.8 as materials, a further experiment was done under vacuum and dry conditions at-20℃. The results show that the pollen vitality of Gan No.70 is the highest in 26 superior clones, up to 93.16%; pollen vitalities of 18 superior Camellia clones are above 70%, accounting for 69.23%of the total number. The pollens stored under vacuum condition at-20 ℃can keep high pollen germination rate, germination rate of Ganwu No.1 pollen stored for 110 days is 36.13%, and that of Gan No.190 stored for 50 days is 27.43%. Germination rates of Camellia red lfash and Hengfeng No.8 pollens stored for 272 days are 39.12%and 44.00%. So it is an effective method to longtime storage pollen to store pollen under vacuum condition at-20℃.
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