气象因子对芳香植物始花期的影响

摘要

Studying the effects of meteorological factors on early flowering period of aromatic plants is important to guiding local agricultural production based on early flowering period.Correlations of early flowering period of aromatic plants from 2003 to 2014with meteorological factors were analyzed,including average temperature,average maximum temperature,average minimum temperature,rainfall,sunshine duration.The results showed that early flowering periodof the aromatic plants had most closely relationship with temperature,and precipitation and sunshine duration had less effect on early flowering period.According to the data,the prediction models of early flowering periods of aromatic plants were established.The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that,when average maximum temperature in early spring and winter,average maximum temperature and average minimum temperatare in late winter and early spring,and average temperature rose 1 ℃,the early flowering periods in Magnolia grandiflora,Magnolia denudata,Magnolia soulangeana,Michelia figo and Cinnamomum camphorawere postponed1.8,5.5,1.4,2.3 and 2.8 d.When average temperature in winter rose 1 ℃,the early flowering period in Cinnamomum burmannii delayed 4.5 d.When average minimum temperature of 5 weeks before flowering rose 1 ℃,the early flowering period in Chimonanthus praecox delayed 2.2 d.When average minimum temperature in late spring,average temperature,average maximum temperature and average minimum temperature of 5 weeks before flowering rose 1 ℃,the early flowering periods of Magnolia soulangeana,Ligustrum lucidum and Michelia figo delayed 5.0,3.3,1.0 and 2.0 d.%研究气象因子对芳香植物始花期的影响情况,根据始花期的早迟对指导当地农业生产具有重要意义.对2003-2014年芳香植物的始花期与平均温度、平均最高温度、平均最低温度、降水量、日照时数等气象因子的相关性进行了分析.研究结果表明:芳香植物的始花期与温度关系最密切,降水量和日照时数对始花期的影响不太大.文中还以所测数据建立了芳香植物始花期的预测模型,利用逐步回归分析结果表明:早春和冬季平均最高气温、冬末初春平均最高气温和平均最低气温及平均气温每升高1℃,广玉兰、白玉兰、二乔玉兰、含笑和香樟的始花期分别推迟1.8、5.5、1.4、2.3和2.8 d;冬季平均气温每升高1℃,阴香的始花期推迟4.5 d;开花前5周的平均最低气温每升高1℃,腊梅的始花期推迟2.2 d;晚春平均最低气温、开花前5周的平均气温和平均最高气温及平均最低气温每升高1℃,二乔玉兰、女贞、含笑始花期分别提早5.0、3.3、1.0和2.0 d.