构建基于生态文明理念的湿地保护管理制度

摘要

Institutional deficiency is the direct cause for continuing depletion of area, function and biodiversity of wetlands nationwide. The development of wetland conservation and management system based on the concept of ecological civilization is critical to wetland protection under the new situation of further deepening the reform and speeding up the green development. Seven specific innovative measures were proposed to strengthen institutional arrangements for wetland management following an analysis on problems in wetland conservation and management in China. The measures include allocation of wetland property rights, classiifed wetland management and exercise of ownership, wetland ecological red line, etc. Therefore to form an institutional system that will contain wetland decrease, enhance wetland ecological functions and sustain wetland conservation and development.%全国湿地面积减少、功能下降、生物多样性衰退的趋势仍在继续，其中管理制度不健全是直接的主要原因之一。在全面深化改革、加快绿色发展的背景下，建立和健全基于生态文明理念的湿地保护管理制度，是做好新形势下湿地保护工作的关键。分析了我国湿地保护管理制度中存在的问题，提出了深化湿地管理制度的具体举措，创造性地提出了建立湿地产权确权、湿地分级管理和分级行使所有权、湿地生态红线等7项制度的具体设计，探索建立控制湿地面积减少、增强湿地生态功能、支撑湿地保护可持续发展的制度体系。