Objective: To explore the relative factors of trace elements deficiency by testing the content of blood calcium, iron, zinc and copper of infants who are between three months and four years old. Methods: The ter-minal blood, which were taken from 580 infants who are between three months to four years old, were tested for trace elements with trace elements analyzer. And then, their Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was detected with the auto-matic and multi-functional test system for infants' health care. What's more, a questionnaire was performed on their parents. Results: There are deficiencies of all four trace elements in different degrees. When compared in different age groups, there were statistical significances (P<0.05). And compared between females and males, there were no statistical differences (P>0.05). Apart from these, trace elements deficiency had a relationship with infants' feeding patterns, parents' educational level, and infants' IQ development, and after comparative, there were also statistical significances (P<0.001). Conclusion: Infants should be tested for trace elements in time, if the elements are defi-ciency, they should be supplemented early. And missionary work should be done appropriately. In this way, the healthy growth of infants can be guaranteed.%目的：通过检测3个月至4岁婴幼儿血微量元素钙、铁、锌、铜含量，探讨微量元素缺乏的相关因素。方法：取婴幼儿手指末梢血，采用微量元素分析仪对580例3个月至4岁婴幼儿进行微量元素检测，利用全自动多功能儿童保健测试系统测试幼儿的智商，对婴儿家长进行问卷调查。结果：580例幼儿钙、铁、锌、铜4种微量元素存在不同程度的缺乏，不同年(月)龄组之间比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)；不同性别之间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)，微量元素缺乏与婴儿喂养方式、父母亲文化程度以及幼儿的智商发育有关，经比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.001)。结论：对婴幼儿应及时做微量元素检测，及早补充微量元素缺乏，有的放矢地做好宣教工作，保障婴幼儿健康成长。
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