牙周膜龈手术的临床应用Ⅰ:自体组织的应用

摘要

近年来,随着口腔科学的迅速发展,牙周病学方面的新技术和新材料也层出不穷.膜龈手术已在包括牙周再生、牙周美容、种植、正畸等方面得到了越来越广泛的应用.膜龈手术主要包括:1)带蒂软组织瓣术,可以覆盖暴露的牙根表面,也可以结合游离结缔组织移植术达到覆盖根面的治疗效果;2)游离牙龈移植术,不但可以重建附着龈,还可以保护牙齿健康,防止牙龈退缩;3)结缔组织移植术,是治疗牙龈退缩最常用的术式.本文主要以笔者多年的临床经验为基础,采用手术临床照片结合简要文字的方式,介绍常见的各种膜龈手术的适应证、优缺点和临床应用,以使口腔医师能更好地了解并掌握该技术.%The field of periodontics has become increasingly discussed and advanced in recent decades. The techniques of periodontal soft tissue grafts are among these advancements. The techniques have been used more and more clinically not only in periodontics, but also in the areas of dental implantology, aesthetics, and orthodontics. In this article, we discuss the clinical indications and the advantages and disadvantages of several autogenous tissue grafts (e.g. pedical grafts, free gingival graft, and subepithelial connective tissue graft). These techniques have made root coverage and the rebuilding of attached gingival possible; therefore, it is necessary for all dentists to understand the applications of periodontal soft tissue grafts.