天津市中小企业参与水生态补偿意愿的实证分析

摘要

Based on telephone surveys and in-depth interviews with small and medium-sized water-sensitive enterprises in Tianjin City, we studied the key factors that influence these enterprises’ willingness to participate in PES, the methods of compensation, and other related problems. The results show that these enterprises prefer capital compensation to the water source area, and they look forward to political support from the government. The enterprises’ scales and subject positions, as well as the completeness of legislation affect their willingness to participate to different extents. Simultaneously, their knowledge of the PES mechanism is quite limited, which weakens their willingness significantly. Related authorities should strengthen the promotion of the PES mechanism, improve the laws and regulations regarding compensation methods and stimulation mechanisms, and formulate compensation standards based on scientific calculation as soon as possible.%基于对天津市水敏感型中小企业的电话调研与深度访谈，研究了天津市中小企业参与水生态补偿意愿的关键影响要素、倾向采取的途径方法以及其他相关问题。结果表明：天津市中小企业最倾向于选择传统的资金途径向水源地提供补偿，最希望获得政府在政策倾斜方面的激励。企业的规模、主体地位、相关立法的完善性等因素都对企业的参与意愿有不同程度的影响。同时，企业对水生态补偿机制的了解水平非常低下，严重影响了参与意愿。相关部门应当加大水生态补偿机制的推广力度，完善与补偿途径和激励机制相关的法律法规，并尽快制定基于科学计算的补偿标准。