浅议工程项目影子价格理论

摘要

The shadow price is not a real price; it is an artificially economic price which aims to achieve economic development goals. It can better reflect the real value of resources than market prices, and could promote the rational use of resources. It can not only reasonably reflect the value of product, but also can reflect the social labor consumption, relationship between supply and demand in the market and the degree of scarcity of resources. It does contribute to optimize the allocation of resources. In addition, shadow price is an important reference to calculate the net contribution of projects for national economy and evaluate the reasonability of projects. This paper mainly explains the concept, categories, selection and calculation methods of the shadow price.%影子价格是为实现一定的经济发展目标而人为确定的、比市场价格更能反映出资源真实价值、能促进合理利用资源的经济价格，而非真正意义上的市场价格。它不仅能更合理地反映出产品价值，而且还能反映社会劳动消耗、市场的供求关系和资源的稀缺程度，有利于资源的优化配置。影子价格是分析计算项目对国民经济的净贡献，评价项目的经济合理性的重要的参数之一。本文主要阐释了影子价格的概念、类别、选取及计算方法。