在我国，折返能力已经成为限制城市轨道交通线路通过能力的主要瓶颈，其原因是在车站设计时，对折返站在运营过程的运输调整的灵活性和远期能力的适应性考虑不足。以柏林、巴黎、伦敦、莫斯科和上海等5个城市、共62条线路、100多个终端折返站为研究对象，在分析终端折返站的常见折返站型和特点的基础上，总结归纳出不同城市折返站的选型规律和特点；然后从建设成本、能力适应性、运营灵活性和发展适应性方面对不同折返模式的站线布置形式进行对比分析，并选取了两个在能力适应性和发展适应性上具有参考意义的混合折返站型；最后提出了我国城市轨道交通折返站型选择和配线设计的优化建议。%In China,the turn-back capacity has became the main bottleneck that confines the line capacity in urban rail transit,today.One of the main reasons is the insufficient consideration of the flexibile operation rescheduling and the adaptability to long-term capacity on the design stage. Based on more than 100 terminal turn-back stations of 62 urban rail transit lines in Berlin,Paris,London,Moscow and Shanghai,the common station layout modes and their characteristics are introduced,the selection rules and char-acters of different cities are summarized.The turn-back station layout modes are compared from the aspects of con-struction cost,capacity adaptability,operation flexibility as well as development adaptability,two mixed turn-back sta-tion layout cases are selected as examples,their capacity a-daptability and development adaptability are analyzed in detail.Finally, an improved recommendation of station layout selection and siding design suitable for urban rail transit in China is put forward.
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