铀矿地表堆浸对环境的影响

摘要

In this paper, the impact of uranium ore heap leaching on the environment were studied with the case of two long production uranium mines. According to the basic requirements of the radiation environment assessment of the nuclear industry, the surface radon exhalation rate of the mine waste, the concentration of radionuclide of the waste water and the y radiation level and concentration of radionuclide of the waste were investigated and compared to that of the early conventional hydrometallurgical production of the two uranium mines. The merits and disadvantage of the heap leaching was evaluated, and measures and suggestions were proposed for the improvement of heap leaching techniques.%文章以国内2座开采历史较长的铀矿山为例,研究了铀矿地表堆浸生产对环境的影响.按照核工业辐射环境评价的基本要求,主要从矿山废物等的表面氡析出率、废水的放射性核素质量浓度、废渣的γ辐射水平及其放射性核素质量浓度等几个方面进行调查,并与2座矿山生产前期(以常规水冶生产为主)对环境所产生的影响进行比较,评价地表堆浸的优劣；结合地表堆浸的特点提出了改进的措施和建议.