菌群移植体系建设的理念

摘要

菌群移植是通过重建肠道菌群的手段治疗疾病,包括粪菌移植和配方菌群移植2种.粪菌移植已用于难辨梭状芽孢杆菌感染等多种菌群相关性疾病的治疗和探索性研究.配方菌群移植旨在模拟粪菌移植达到治疗目的,是近年出现的新理念和新技术,也是转化医学领域的热点.作者从肠道相关性疾病与菌群移植体系的再认识、整体观和整合观、菌群移植研究的定位、伦理考量等方面,阐述菌群移植体系建设的必备理念.%Microbiota transplantation, which consists of fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT) and mini-FMT, is a treatment approach by remodeling gut microbiota. FMT has been used for the regular clinical treatment and exploratory research of many microbiota related diseases, such as Clostridium difficile infection. The mini-FMT for stimulating FMT for therapeutic purposes is a new concept and technology emerged in recent years, and gained great attention in translational medicine. This article will discuss the essential concept of the building microbiota transplantation system, including the cognition development positioning and ethical issues of the microbiota transplantation, for the microbiota related diseases.