型砂及壁厚对锶变质A356铸造合金组织和性能的影响

摘要

采用硅砂、宝珠砂和铬铁矿砂3种不同砂型作为造型材料浇注多阶梯铸件试样,对比研究不同冷却条件对Al-10Sr中间合金变质A356 (Al-7Si-0.3Mg)铸造合金力学性能和显微组织的影响.结果表明:在3种造型材料中,铬铁矿砂浇注试样具有最好的组织和力学性能.随着冷却速度的增加,枝晶间距显著变小,力学性能有所改善,其中伸长率对冷却速度比抗拉强度更敏感.这种性能的提高主要是由于枝晶间距更加细密和基体中自由Sr原子数的提高造成的.根据实际的试验数据,模拟建立不同砂型条件下枝晶间距和力学性能之间的回归分析模型,该模型可用于预测Sr变质A356合金铸件的抗拉强度和伸长率.%The effects of different cooling conditions on the mechanical properties and microstructures of a Sr-modified A356 (Al-7Si-0.3Mg) aluminum casting alloy were comparatively investigated using three moulding sands including quartz,alumina and chromite into multi-step blocks.The results show that the mechanical properties and microstructures using chromite sand are the best.As the cooling speed increases,the dendrite arm spacing (DAS) decreases significantly and the mechanical properties are improved,and the elongation is more sensitive to the cooling speed as compared with the tensile strength.The increase of the properties is primarily attributed to the decrease of the DAS and the increase of the free strontium atoms in the matrix.In particular,the regression models for predicting both the tensile strength and the elongation for Sr-modified A356 aluminum casting alloy were established based on the experimental data.