铜陵重金属富集的尾矿废弃地酸性废水中细菌及古菌的多样性

摘要

To expand knowledge on microbial communities of various metal-rich levels of mine drainage environments in Anhui province, China, the archaeal and bacterial diversities were examined using a PCR-based cloning approach. Eight acid mine water samples were collected from five areas in Tongling. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that bacteria mainly fell into ten divisions, which wereBetaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Nitrospira, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi.Archaea fell into three phylogenetic divisions,Thermoplasma, FerroplasmaandThermogymnomonas. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analysis based on the microbial communities’ compositions revealed that five samples shared similarity with the dominance ofMeiothermus and Thermomonas. Two samples had the preponderant existence ofAcidithiobacillus andLeptospirillum. The remaining sample owned higher microbial communities’ diversity with the Shannon-WeaverH up to 2.91. Canonical correlation analysis (CCA) suggested that microbial community structures had great association with pH and the concentration of Hg2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, Cl-, SO42-in water.%为了加深对安徽省铜陵市不同重金属富集程度的尾矿附近酸性废水中微生物多样性的了解，运用PCR-16S rDNA克隆文库技术对酸性废水中细菌及古菌的群落结构进行研究。在铜陵的5个样点采集了8个水样。系统发育分析结果表明，酸性废水中的细菌主要是Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Deinococcus-Thermus, Nitrospira, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi，古菌是Thermoplasma, Ferroplasma 以及Thermogymnomonas。根据细菌和古菌的组成对样品进行聚类分析，结果表明，5个样品由于优势菌株 Thermomonas 和 Meiothermus 拥有较高的相似度。2个样品由于 Acidithiobacillus 和Leptospirillum 占主导也拥有较高的相似度。剩余的样品多样性较高，拥有最高的香浓-微纳指数2.91。典型相关分析CCA的结果表明微生物的多样性组成与理化因子有密切的关系，如水的pH以及Hg2+、Pb2+、Cl-、SO42-、Fe3+的含量。