矿山废弃地重金属污染及酸性废水防治分析--以铜陵新桥硫铁矿为例

摘要

铜陵新桥硫铁矿是一大型的黄铁矿矿床。采矿场裸露岩石、废石堆场岩石的产酸能力大于酸中和能力，导致其采矿活动区产生酸性矿山排水，引起采矿区域及其下游河流重金属污染。针对该硫铁矿的生态环境问题，建议采用植物修复法、矿物吸附法和生物矿化法防治酸性矿山废水和重金属污染；同时，应加强各种修复技术的综合利用及新技术的探索，在防治过程中以生态修复为核心，实现社会、经济和生态环境效益相统一。%Xinqiao Pyrite in Tongling is large pyrite deposit. The acid-producing capacity of stope exposed rock and the rock in waste dump ifeld is greater than acid neutralization capacity, acid mine drainage and heavy metals are produced in mining areas which pollute mine sites and downstream river. For the pyrite mine ecological environment problems, this paper offers that we should use phytoremediation, mineral adsorption, and biomineralization to prevent and treat acid mine drainage and heavy metal pollution. At the same time, we should make great efforts on the comprehensive utilization of all kinds of recovery technique and the exploration of the new technology. In the process of prevention and control, ifnding ways to apply social and economy with the eco-environment beneift must be based on ecological restoration.